Ethereum Fact

# Ethereum Fact

# Topics

# Pricing

Storage Gas Eth USD
1 Word 20,000 0.00008 $0.0688
1 kB 2.500,000 .01 $86
1 MB 2,500,000,000 10 $8,600

price at $860/ether

# Solidity fact

# Block header

Block header consists of

# Hack cases

# Vulnerability in StandardToken.sol's implementation of transferFrom()

# Parity wallet hack

# NPM Package Vulnerability in Copay Wallets

NPM Package Vulnerability in v5.0.2-5.1.0 of Copay Wallets (opens new window)

# batchOverflow Bug

batchOverflow Bug in Multiple ERC20 Smart Contracts (CVE-2018–10299) (opens new window)

# Deflationary tokens attack

Incident with non-standard ERC20 deflationary tokens (opens new window)

# Security study

# Reverse Engineering Of Blockchain Smart Contracts

# Blockchain Security - JP Aumasson

https://aumasson.jp/data/talks/balccon18.pdf (opens new window)

# Smart contract sucurity scanner

SECURITY SCANNER FOR ETHEREUM SMART CONTRACTS (opens new window)

# How to Exploit Blockchain Public Chain and Smart Contract Vulnerability

PDF

# Ethereum Smart Contract Audit CheckList

Ethereum Smart Contract Audit CheckList (opens new window)

# Automated Smart Contract Exploitation and Looting

Automated Smart Contract Exploitation and Looting (opens new window)

# CryptoCurrency Security Standard (CCSS)

CCSS (opens new window)

# Beauty Chain (BEC) Integer OverFlow

Beauty Chain (BEC) OverFlow (opens new window)

# Zerocoin vulnerability

# TEST YOUR H4CKING SKILL

# HackPedia: 16 Solidity Hacks/Vulnerabilities, their Fixes and Real World Examples

# Reentrancy attack

# Nodes

Aug 2018

  • mainnet (id 1): 14902
  • ropsten (id 3): 115
  • rinkeby (id 4): 42

# Two types of accounts

  • User accounts (controlled by private keys)
  • Contracts (controlled by code)

# Transaction

  • nonce (anti-replay-attack)
  • gasPrice (amount of ether per unit gas)
  • gasLimit (maximum gas consumable)
  • to (destination address)
  • value (amount of ether to send)
  • data (readable by contract code)
  • v, r, s (ECDSA Signature values)

# Begining of Ethereum

# Testnet block time

  • Ropsten: sub-30 seconds
  • Kovan: 4 seconds
  • Rinkeby: 15 seconds

# Defination

# What is an EIP?

EIP stands for Ethereum Improvement Proposal. An EIP is a design document providing information to the Ethereum community, or describing a new feature for Ethereum or its processes or environment. The EIP should provide a concise technical specification of the feature and a rationale for the feature. The EIP author is responsible for building consensus within the community and documenting dissenting opinions. https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-1 (opens new window)

# EIP Types

  • Core - improvements requiring a consensus fork
  • Networking - includes improvements around devp2p (EIP8) and Light Ethereum Subprotocol, as well as proposed improvements to network protocol specifications of whisper and swarm.
  • Interface - includes improvements around client API/RPC specifications and standards
  • ERC - application-level standards and conventions, including contract standards such as token standards (ERC20).

# Token types

Token types

# Financial service

# Derivative

# Dao - Decentralized Autonomous Organization

# Solidity

# Stable Coin

# Merkle Proofs in Ethereum

Every block header in Ethereum contains not just one Merkle tree, but three trees for three kinds of objects:

  • Transactions

  • Receipts (essentially, pieces of data showing the effect of each transaction)

  • State An image

  • Ref (opens new window)

# How Ethereum Merkle Trees works

# Defi - Decentralized Finance Protocol

# On-chain Asset Market Share

# Top 5 DeFi

ref: Top 5 DeFi (Decentralized Finance) Projects (opens new window)

# Sign data

# Maker Dao

# Uniswap

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